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                <text>Letter from C.Y. Sun, Shanghai, to Alfred E. Stearns  August 22, 1931</text>
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                <text>Shanghai, 22nd, August 1931&#13;
&#13;
My dear Dr.Stearns,&#13;
&#13;
Mary and Tommy have arrived here safely after an excellent trip, and although I am still in very poor health I managed to go to Shanghai to meet them. As I saw my two children after ten years separation, my first thought was of how much I owe to you for all your care of my children during these years. I have tried at other times to express gratitude to you, and now I feel even more grateful but cannot find words to express myself as I would like. As I see how the children have grown and developed in character and knowledge, I know, that for what they have attained to, by far the largest part of the credit belongs to you, for you have been so kind to act in the place of both father and mother to them while they were in the States.&#13;
&#13;
Whatever balance you have left over on the children’s accounts you might, at your leisure, send me a statement of account, but please do not remit any money here, as I shall be writing you later on, and may have some other use for the money.&#13;
&#13;
It was a big effort for me to take the journey to Shanghai, for I am very weak through a severe nervous breakdown. Mary hopes to go to Peking soon, and will get in touch with the P.U.M.C. there to whom she has a letter of introduction from the Dean of the the Yale Nursing College. As to Tommy, nothing has yet been settled on, but he is rapidly regaining his own language and is full of zeal to get in touch with people and things in his native land. We are all leaving for Tientsin in a day or two, and Mary and Tommy are looking forward to being home once again.&#13;
&#13;
Again expressing my heartfelt thanks and gratitude to you for your very very many kindness which I deeply appreciate, And with best wishes and kindest regards,&#13;
&#13;
I remain, &#13;
Yours very sincerely,&#13;
C.Y.Sun</text>
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                <text>September 17, 1931&#13;
&#13;
Mr. C.Y.Sun&#13;
44 Cambridge Road&#13;
Tientsin, China&#13;
&#13;
Dear Mr. Sun: &#13;
&#13;
It was very thoughtful and kind of you to write me so promptly of the safe arrival of Mary and Tom. Needless to say, the news brought me great relief and pleasure. Mary had sent me a postal from time to time on the journey, and Tom has written me, too, generous letters which I have enjoyed immensely. &#13;
&#13;
Of course I am greatly pleased at your testimony as to the character of the development which you note in your children. I can only hope that all of your ideals will have been largely attained as your watch them later at their new work in the old home environment. Sometimes I wonder just how far it is fair and proper to go in subjecting Easterners  to Western conditions and life and vice versa, when those involved are eventually to be forced to adjust themselves again to home conditions. Unquestoinably there is much to be gained if the later adjustments can be and are properly made. I have known some cases, however, where this has proved a very difficult and at times painful process, and in a few instances, at least, it has proved seemly impossible. I am confident, however, from what I know of both Mary and Tom, and especially because I have such confidence in your wisdom and judgment, that they will both fill their places in the new life now opening to them and do their work in a way that shall bring credit to them and happiness to you. &#13;
&#13;
I will hold as you have requested the balance of your funds, of which I have already sent you a statement, until I receive further instructions from you. I should imagine that remission at this time, when the exchange is so distinctly in your favor, might be well worth considering, though of course that is a matter for you and not for me to determine. &#13;
&#13;
It is greatly distressing to me to hear of your continued ill-health, and I do hope with all my heart that you may shortly face a turn for the better and that the next report that comes to me may be of a far more happy kind. In the meantime, please accept my sincere good wishes for the days ahead, and my warm personal regards. Let me assure you again, too, that such little service as I have been able to render you and your children has been a real joy to me, and one which in its own satisfactions has supplied ample reward for whatever strain or stress may have been involved. &#13;
&#13;
Very sincerely yours, </text>
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                <text>TIENTSIN, 1st October, 1931&#13;
&#13;
My dear Dr. Stearns,&#13;
&#13;
I feel like disagreeing with the opening paragraph of your very welcome letter of the I5th, July. I know it is not a "little” you did for my children but a great deal, and I am quite unable to express my deep sense of gratitude for all you have done. The "Discipline" you exercised, in the early days was probably not at times appreciated by them, but it did them a whole lot of good, and this they now fully realized. Tommie is now hard at work getting hold again of his mother tongue, but he has not yet taken up any position. Mary has seen the Rockefeller-Hospital people in Peking and generally having a look around with a view to find an opportunity to use her training as a nurse. They are both enjoying the time at home and getting in touch with things after their long absence from China.&#13;
&#13;
I wish to thank you for the two statements of account you send me(Mary’s &amp; Tom’s) showing the balance in your hand, to be, on Mary’s account G.$3,963.80. &amp; on Tom’s account G $2251,99, a total of $6,215.79. As I mentioned in a previous letter, please be so kind, as to hold, this money for me meanwhile, I shall let you know later on concerning it.&#13;
&#13;
It has been a great regret to me that I have never been able to meet with you personally when I could tell you a little better than writing can of my esteem and regard for your great service to my children. Assuring you of my best wishes and. kindest regards, I remain&#13;
&#13;
Yours very gratefully&#13;
C.Y.Sun&#13;
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                <text>December 18, 1929&#13;
&#13;
Dr A.E.Stearns,&#13;
Phillips Academy, &#13;
Andover, Mass., U.S.A.&#13;
&#13;
My dear Dr Stearns,&#13;
&#13;
I have much pleasure to acknowledge the receipt of your letters of Oct.22 and Nov. 14, and pleased to learn that Tom and Mary are doing well. As to which college would be best suited for Tom's graduate work, I feel certain that Tom will follow your eminent advice. Probably you have already given the necessary council by now.&#13;
&#13;
Regarding the little piece of carved old jade which I entrusted to Dr Sze to convey to you, it is indeed most kind of you to think of it so highly. It represents but a slight token of my sincere appreciation of your kindness and deep interest which you have shown so untiringly to my children. I do hope that it will be delivered to you from London safely.&#13;
I have not yet heard from Charlie since he left America.  With your high praise and encouraging remarks I hope that he will fare well and live up to your expectations during his further period of acquiring practical experience and learning in England.&#13;
&#13;
We had the first big drop of temperature yesterday and some hard snowing, here. Hoping that Winter in Andover this year is not so severe. With greeting of the Season and the best of wishes.&#13;
&#13;
Yours very sincerely,</text>
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                <text>Mr. C. Y. Sun&#13;
44 Cambridge Road&#13;
Tientsin, China&#13;
&#13;
My dear Mr. Sun: &#13;
&#13;
Thank you for your good letter of December 18, which has reached me only this morning. &#13;
&#13;
Charlies writes me frequently and evidently is finding the adjustments in England a bit difficult at the start. This is to be expected, of course. The boy has been homesick and I imagine that his Christmas season was particularly difficult for this reason. I have written him several letters, however, endeavoring to the best of my ability to cheer him up. The last two letters that have come from him bear evidence that the hardest period in the new surroundings has passed. &#13;
&#13;
We are having real winter here too, though apparently we have not suffered to anything like the extent to which you in China have. From the newspaper reports I imagine you are experiencing one of the hardest winters in many years.&#13;
&#13;
Please accept heartiest New Year’s greetings and every best wish to you and yours for the days ahead.&#13;
&#13;
Very sincerely yours, </text>
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                <text>18th February 1930&#13;
Dr. Alfred E. Stearns,&#13;
Phillips Academy&#13;
Andover, Mass,&#13;
U.S.A&#13;
&#13;
My dear Dr. Stearns:-&#13;
&#13;
Your most kind letter of December 27th reached me about a fortnight ago just at a time when my daughter Dorothy was very critically ill at home with pneumonia complicated by pleurisy and a very bad carbencle on her back. I must confess that her condition was so serious that I had to allow everything to be in abeyance till now. She is somewhat better and said by her doctor to be out of danger. Your sound advice about Charlie’s future was, however, immediately followed as I have already asked him by telegraph to discontinue his further studies and also written to him that I would leave everything to his own judgment  in case he does want to come home.&#13;
&#13;
Regarding the question of a higher degree I would like to say that in China undue importance has always been attached to it because one’s future career general depend upon it to some extend. In Charlie’s case I do not pretend that I am one of the exception but my sole object was to have him thoroughly educated and specialized in diplomacy, as we have not too many who are well qualified in such profession in our foreign service. The reason why I have never disclose this idea to you or Charlie was due to the fear that the exposure of same might offend the sensitive feeling of those who were but armatures in our diplomatic service. &#13;
&#13;
My dear Dr. Stearns, please allow me to state here that whatever you have written with such frankness and sincerity has touched me deeply and I fully appreciate your genuine friendlineSS to me and to my children, I was perhaps more or less influence in being too particular about children1s higher studies by the fact that qualification of some of the returned students are not to the expected standard which they should possess thus causing me to take more drastic view in the case of my children.&#13;
&#13;
Regarding Tom I think he is still so young that he can well afford to pursue further study and specialize himself in Government Administration. I learn from Charlie's home mail that Toia is going to Harvard after he graduates from Middlebury. From Tom's own letter I understand that he going to study his French all over again upon your good advice. He is feeling ever so happy for his being elected chairmanship of his Fraternity, editor of his college Chapter paper and he felt greatly honored. So far he has not talked about coming home nor have I mentioned this point to him because I well know once they are back home it turns problematic whether they will ever be so anxious to go abroad to finish their studies such have always been the tender influence of the mothers over their children. However, should you think there is no necessity for Tom to take further studies please be mn kind enough to tell me so, and then we may try to arrange some means( if possible ) to enable him to obtain some practical training for a year or two in one of your Government Offices. In such a case I do not know whether I can impose upon your kindness to approach your Government upon this delicate matter provided it is permissible for a foreigner to obtain such experience.&#13;
&#13;
Referring to the black wood carve piece which Tom sent, I must apologize for not having advised you in time. This carve piece was first entrusted to a friend of mine who was going to London via America But at the last moment he changed his plan so I had to get it packed and rush through the post office in order to catch the steamer that will reach the States before Christmas. Thus I forgot to write and tell you the said black wood carve piece was meant for the stand to support the piece of old jade which I have written you before, Dr. Sze has advised me in his recent letter that Madame Sze will bring the jade over to America to you in the near future. I would feel greatly obliged if you will send the broken pieces of the black wood carve piece to me at my expense as it is very easy to have a new one made here according to its measurements&#13;
I beg to advise you that I have ordered a remittance of G. §3,000.00 ( three thousand ) for my children’s account from the London Office of the National City Bank of New York. I expect it will reach you some time in March.&#13;
&#13;
With best wishes from&#13;
Yours very gratefully</text>
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                <text>April 7, 1930&#13;
Mr. C.Y. Sun&#13;
44 Cambridge Road&#13;
Tientsin, China&#13;
&#13;
My dear Mr. Sun:&#13;
&#13;
Your letter of February 18 reached me just before my return from a recent and somewhat hurried trip to England. Since that time. I have been more than crowded with work here and my answer to you has in consequence been delayed. Please accept my apologies for tho delay.&#13;
&#13;
What you write me of the attitude in China usually assumed towards a higher degree is most interesting and confirms thet impression I had already formed on that subject. Under the  circumstances, I can readily understand why you should wish Charlie to secure as much outward evidence as possible of hit attainments and progress in America. On the other hand, I am still of the opinion that some of the returned students, at least, have leaned too heavily on the degrees that they carried back home with them and have allowed the fact of their possession to curtail their own initiative and effort in lines of active and worth while service. Whether Charlies has higher degrees or not, I am sure that he will give a good account of himself and more than realize your high ambitions for him in his later life and work. I had several delightful little visits with him in London, and have heard from him once since my return to America. In my judgment, he will enjoy and gain increasingly from the life and work in London, even thought he found both a bit distasteful at the start. &#13;
&#13;
I have only recently had an interview with Tom who came down to talk over his problems with me. At present it is a bit difficult to know just what to advise him, but we are making inquiries of several of the leading universities, including Harvard, to discover if possible where the best courses in government administration, international law, etc. can be found. If this plan does not work out to our complete satisfaction, there is a chance, of course, that I might be able to get Tom a temporary position in one of our own government offices, though of course I cannot promise this, ae I am not sure just how far such procedure would be in conformity with the customary practices in offices of this kind. I shall be only too ready and glad, however, to investigate and discover what can be done.&#13;
Frankly, I am a little worried about Tom lest his success and unusual popularity at Middlebury College leave him in a position where he will find it extremely difficult to readjust himself to conditions and life at home after his return. I have seen similar developments in the case of one or of my Chinese wards and in those cases have been led to feel that the stay in America had been prolonged a bit too long for their own individual good. Tom himself feels that the change is going to be a very severe one to meet and I am sure that he is right. This is in no sense a reflection on him or his spirit, but an inevitable situation which confronts a boy who becomes thoroughly imbued with American ideas and takes naturally to our free American ways, winning as he goes along the confidence and good will or his American school and college friends. Tom has done this to an unusual degree and hence the problem becomes more acute in his case. I cannot help wondering whether in view of this situation it might not be well for Tom to have a year in China in order to get back a little more into the spirit and atmosphere of his own people before he goes further with his work in America. I have not said a word to Tom about this myself, but since his last visit, I have been more than ever impressed with the nature of the problem which the boy is bound to face and which I can see is already causing him some inward uneasiness. I am just thinking out loud, as it were, to you, and am not prepared to recommend what course you should pursue, since that naturally is a matter for you and not for me to determine. The fact it I am not altogether clear myself as to what would perhaps be the wisest thing to do.&#13;
&#13;
Please don’t worry about the carved black wood which forms the base for the lovely piece of jade you sent me recently. The break in the wood is of such a character that I am sure it can be mended without revealing its impairment. Madame Sze kindly delivered the jade to my boy in New York, from whom I received it recently and brought it home. I can’t tell you how deeply I value it and how thoroughly I appreciate your generous thought in sending it to me. &#13;
Mary writes me enthusiastically of her work at New Haven, and gives me a most interesting and amusing account of her experiences in practical nursing, something required as part of the regular course of all those who are at the Yale School of nursing.&#13;
&#13;
The remittance to which you refer of three thousand dollar has not as yet reached me, but doubtless will in due time. Both Mary and Tom have surpluses to their credit on their accounts, so that I am not worrying on this score.&#13;
&#13;
with warm personal regards, and sincere good wishes, believe me&#13;
Very sincerely yours </text>
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                <text>Shanghai, 27th. May 1930&#13;
&#13;
Dr. Alfred E. Stearns&#13;
Phillips Academy&#13;
Andover, Mass. U.S.A&#13;
&#13;
My dear Dr. Stearns, &#13;
&#13;
	Your most kind and interesting letter of April 7 and 21 reached me, and I most heartily thank you for going so very fully, and with so much sympathy, into the problems relating to the educating of my children. I have just come to Shanghai for a much needed rest and change after a very sad and trying time at home for many months back. After a long spell of illness, with one sickness upon the top of another, I lost my 3rd daughter. We had the very best attention for her including night and day nurses, but she wished me near her most of the time. The constant attention required of me when I was in poor health myself, and the fact that I was the only member of the family that knew there was no hope for my daughter's recovery, just wore me down, and I had no time, or even thought, for anything else. This is the reason I did not feel able to even try to meet Dean Goodrich. It was not Mary’s fault, for she did write me that the Dean was coming to China, but I was entirely taken up with my sick daughter to the exclusion of every other thing, indeed I quite forgot all about Mary’s letter. I am sure you will understand, and if you get a chance to explain to Dean Goodrich, please tender his my apologies, I very much regret that the special circumstances prevented me from making arrangements to meet him. And it would be a favor if nothing was said to Mary or Tommy. It is of course possible that the news of my daughter’s death will filter through to them, but my thought opportunity for him to do some hard work in preparation for his coming course at Yale. I have given due consideration to your very kind and thoughtful words about Tommy’s popularity, with the danger of his taking on so much of American ideas &amp; ways so as to possibly hamper his future readjustment to the life and atmosphere in China. A father naturally appreciates very very much all the kind things you tell me of the large place Tommy has made for himself in Middlebury College, but he will soon be thinking of leaving all his kind friends there and meeting the new conditions among strangers at Yale. This will be a new angle in mixing with men and should work out for good. Now, as to your suggestion that I might think over the possibility of Tommy taking a year at home in China before pressing on with his further studies in America. From a practical point of view, I do not think it feasible, for the pull of family-ties, and probably his own disinclination to tackle his further studies after a year's break, would, I am sure, mean the end of his ever going back to America. And, after all, will his waiting for another year or so in America to undertake his specialized studies make much difference to the question of his readjustment to his life and work in China? Tommy is young enough to successfully face this question after his Yale course of special study. All things considered, I feel he should carry on from Middlebury to his Yale course and attain to proficiency in the work he is going to specialize in on his return home. I trust my viewpoint on this meets with your acceptance, for like you, I have tried to look at the problem all round, keeping in mind particularly Tommy’s future when he sets out to find his feet in China.&#13;
&#13;
I thank you for your statements of account for Mary &amp; Tommy and covering the period from October 8, 1929 to April 21, 1930.&#13;
&#13;
I am very glad to hear that you think the necessary repairs can be made to the blackwood-stand. Please have this done at my expense, and I shall be glad to hear from you that the repairs have been done in entirely satisfactory manner. &#13;
&#13;
It is not easy for me to express my gratutude, as I would like, for these two letters of yours, so clear and asympathetic and yet well covering the whole ground. I always feel that I never succeed in expressing what my heart feels of very grateful thanks for your large personal interest in my children.&#13;
&#13;
With kindest regards and most cordial good&#13;
wishes,&#13;
I am, Yours very sincerely,&#13;
C.Y.Sun&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>June 26, 1930&#13;
Mr. C. T. Sun&#13;
Chinese Foreign Famine Relief Committee&#13;
13 Jinkee Road&#13;
Shanghai, China&#13;
&#13;
My dear Mr. Sun:&#13;
&#13;
I have read with the greatest interest your frank and friendly letter of May 27, and thank you heartily for it, and also for the friendly way in which you have accented my perhaps unwarranted suggestions as to Tom and Charlie and their futures.&#13;
&#13;
First, let me express my heartiest sympathy with you in the loss of your daughter. I shall say nothing to the children, of course, though as you say the news may naturally filter through to them by way of other channels. I am sorry indeed that you have had to carry this added burden after the load you have carried for so long in behalf of others. &#13;
&#13;
The latest plan for Tom, after further talks with him, is that he shall put in the current summer in the special summer school in French held each year at Middlebury College. This is one of the best modern language schools of its kind in this country, and I feel that Tom will be far better off in this old environment where he is so well adjusted than he would be if he were wandering about, or especially located in New York. In the fall he will go to Yale for his post-graduate work, unless, of course, something develops in the meantime to alter the plan by offering a more attractive opportunity elsewhere. It is doubtful, of course, whether I can hope to get him a position in our State Department, but I am willing to inquire of Secretary Stimson, who is a personal friend, and who just possibly may be able to give us some worth while advice. &#13;
&#13;
Again my thanks for your very kind and explicit letter, and with warm personal regards, believe me&#13;
&#13;
Very sincerely yours, &#13;
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                <text>44 Cambridge Road, &#13;
TIENTSIN, 22nd. February, 1928&#13;
&#13;
My Dear Dr. Stearns, &#13;
&#13;
I wish to thank you most cordially for the picture of yourself you most kindly sent me. I am specially glad to have this picture for now I can see before me a friend who has done so much in looking after my children and in guiding them in the right way of life. &#13;
&#13;
Charlie wrote me last year that he wished to study military science but he later gave that up on account of it being too late for him to start in on the long years of training required. He then thought of a business training, but he also gave that up, and now he writes me expressing a desire to take up the study of military science and asking me to approve of this and an application to enter Norwich University. You will see from the enclosed copy-letter to Charlie that I am strongly opposed to his taking up military science, and unless he is altogether and entirely set in his desire I will not agree to it. My reasons are.&#13;
&#13;
1. Charlie is too old to start such a long training. As for the Norwich University he speaks of Americans here in touch with scholastic things do not know the place at all. If it ever does come to a discussion of a suitable military training there is only one worth  considering – West Point, but to enter this is a stiff work for it requires recommendation from the Chinese Government as well as an educational standard of about College graduate class, besides, I believe that now only one student of a foreign nation is admitted and even this is hard to get.&#13;
&#13;
2. The military profession is a very unpopular one here, but even after years spent in training in America Charlie would come back here and require to spend, more years training before he could begin to be of any service while if he took up law or diplomatic work he would be ready as soon as he got back to China to give real service to his people and nation. The military life out here could throw a man with associates who certainly would not be of the same mind as Charlie and his high principles of life would not fit into military work in China. I feel sure he would be greatly disappointed and all his years of training would be wasted so far as his future career is concerned.&#13;
&#13;
3. Charlie is of a quiet reticent nature with some literary bent. and I am sure this would better fit him for a career of law or diplomatic service and in this work there is a future before him in China with many many opportunities for service.&#13;
&#13;
My greatest desire is that Charlie would give up all thought of a military career and go in for the study of law or diplomacy. I would only agree to his study of military science if he persists in the matter, but if he does this I confess I do not quite know how to act. I thought he had for ever given up any desire for a military career, indeed he wrote me that he had,but again he returns to this and wants to go into some unknown college. I hope we can persuade him not to think of military science. I have tried to express my strong objections and if you will be so kind as to assist me by talking things over with Charlie I will be very grateful to you. If Charlie agrees to go in for law or diplomatic work I do not know if Amherst provides a suitable course, but if it does not, would you be so kind as to recommend a good school for this purpose. He could take up law alone if that suits him, indeed I could agree to almost any special study &amp; training provided it is not that of military science, although I do think that our land needs good lawyers &amp; judges as well as men trained in the science of government.&#13;
&#13;
Again thanking you for the kind thought in sending me your picture which I value highly, and hoping to have soon a favorable reply from you,&#13;
&#13;
I remain,&#13;
Sincerely yours,&#13;
&#13;
44 Cambridge Road, &#13;
Tientsin, 21st, February 1928&#13;
&#13;
Dear Charlie,&#13;
&#13;
In your letter of the 2nd January I see that after you have given up the idea and desire for business you now wish to take up the study of military science  regardless of circumstances. All this is so far apart from your former thinking and opens up very real difficulties for you that I want you to reconsider the matter more fully. You know how Tommy gave up all thought of a military career because it was not at all suited to his Christian principles. and I am sure you want to take as firm a stand as Tommy on the question of high Christian principles. Whatever step you take now at your age will settle your future prospects for a life of service to our people and country. And I know you would not want to make a mistake for everything in the future for you depends on your wise thinking now. Think of the years of training you will have to take before you could qualify for a military degree that would be anything in China. You speak of a Norwich University but none of the Americans here who know the standard of college have ever heard of this Norwich University and in any case it would not be worth while thinking of any small college. The only place that is worth considering is West Point and they require a high scholastic standard before you can enter, besides West Point are hardly admitting any foreign students. I think it is one cadet from each foreign nation, and if there did happen to be a vacancy it would require a recommendation etc from the Chinese Government. Now even after the many years of hard training in America (which at your age makes a very difficult problem, for it may be too late) you would return to China and would then have to go in for more years of training in a junior job. You would also be with men who did not have your outlook on life or your high principles, and I am sure you would be very much disappointed at being in an unpopular work where you could not be of service to the people. You would find yourself out of sympathy with your colleagues with little or no opportunity for work of any high order. On the other hand if you took up a training for law or diplomacy you would be ready and able to take up a very useful service for the people and country as soon as you returned here. A soldier can be of service to the nation but without good law and government even the best soldier is not able to function or serve the people or country. The first need if for good men as lawyers and jusges also constructive work in the diplomatic and government service, and work of this kind ranks high in the estimation of all and you would find immediate opportunities for valuable service along these line as soon as you returned to China. Your study of political science would already be of some value to you in taking up the study of law or diplomatic service find your literary bent and your reticent nature would fit into such a study. You could of course take up law alone and if Amherst does not provide for such a course of study you could consult with Dr.Stearns. Dr. Stearns will advise as to &amp; suitable college or university. After taking a degree in America I would be quite willing for you to go to say Oxford or Cambridge for a post graduate course with the object of taking a barristers degree in England. &#13;
&#13;
I have written this very fully for it concerns your future career, I want you to know why I am against you taking up a military career and why the study of law or diplomacy would suit you so much better and enable you to be of real and immediate service to our people and land. I would, only agree to your study of military science if you now persist strongly in the desire, and as I said before it would be a waste of time think of entering a small college. West point is the only place where your training and degree would count and I have also stated the difficulties of age and entrance etc. you would meet with in trying to enter West Point. </text>
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